MT-1 (Melanotan I / Afamelanotide) – Comprehensive Research Overview (2026)
Melanotan I (MT-1), also known as Afamelanotide, is a synthetic analog of α-MSH (α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone). It is FDA-approved as Scenesse for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), a rare photodermatosis. MT-1 stimulates melanogenesis (skin tanning) without UV exposure, providing photoprotection. It is also researched for skin conditions, sexual function, and inflammatory disorders. Unlike MT-2, MT-1 has a longer half-life and is more selective for MC1R, producing less systemic side effects.
→ View MT-1 (for laboratory research use only)
Mechanism of Action
- Binds melanocortin receptors, primarily MC1R on melanocytes.
- Stimulates melanin synthesis and melanocyte proliferation → skin darkening without UV.
- Provides photoprotection by increasing melanin density in skin.
- Anti-inflammatory effects via MC1R on immune cells.
- More selective for MC1R vs. MC3R/MC4R compared to MT-2 (less appetite/sexual side effects).
Clinical Evidence and Research Findings
FDA-approved (Scenesse) for EPP — the first approved drug for this condition. Phase 3 trials demonstrated significant increases in pain-free sun exposure time. Research also explores MT-1 for vitiligo, solar urticaria, and other photodermatoses. Its selective MC1R profile makes it a cleaner research tool for pigmentation and photoprotection studies compared to MT-2.
→ Interested in researching MT-1? View Product Options
Benefits (Research & Clinical Observations)
- Skin tanning and photoprotection without UV exposure
- FDA-approved for EPP (Scenesse)
- Anti-inflammatory effects via MC1R
- Potential for vitiligo and photodermatosis research
- More selective profile than MT-2 (fewer systemic effects)
Typical Dosing Protocols
- FDA-approved (EPP): 16 mg subcutaneous implant every 2 months
- Off-label research: 0.5–1 mg subcutaneous daily or every other day for tanning protocols
Safety Profile and Side Effects
Well-characterized safety profile from clinical trials. Common side effects: nausea, flushing, injection-site reactions, spontaneous erections (less than MT-2). Monitoring of skin lesions recommended with prolonged use.
MT-1 vs MT-2 – Quick Comparison
| Aspect | MT-1 (Afamelanotide) | MT-2 (Melanotan II) |
|---|---|---|
| Receptor Selectivity | Primarily MC1R | MC1R, MC3R, MC4R |
| Tanning Effect | Strong | Strong |
| Sexual Effects | Minimal | Significant (MC4R) |
| FDA Status | Approved (EPP) | Not approved |
| Half-life | ~40 hours (implant) | ~1–2 hours |
Summary
MT-1 (Afamelanotide) is an FDA-approved melanocortin agonist with a selective MC1R profile, offering photoprotection, tanning, and anti-inflammatory research applications with fewer systemic side effects than MT-2. As with all compounds in this library, off-label use should only be considered under qualified medical supervision.
For Laboratory Research Use View MT-1 →
Disclaimer This overview is strictly educational and based on publicly available scientific literature as of April 2026. It does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional and comply with all applicable laws and regulations.